JavaScript instance properties and method- Complete Guide

In this article, we will be covering all about instance properties and methods and how both of these differ from each other. Before jumping directly to the properties and methods, we will learn about JavaScript and the basics of what exactly are instance properties and methods. So if you are new to all these concepts, don’t worry, we will be covering it right from the fundamentals and will then move to differences. So keep reading.

Introduction

JavaScript is one of the most used languages when it comes to building web applications as it allows developers to wrap HTML and CSS code in it to make web apps interactive. It enables the interaction of users with the web application. It is also used for making animations on websites and has a large community on GitHub. JavaScript has tons of libraries, one of which is React which we will be covering in this article later. 

Use cases: 

• Building web server and its interactive functions
• Animations and graphics, adding special effects to web components
• Validating forms and exception errors
• Adding behavior and functionalities to web pages

In JavaScript, promises are used to handle asynchronous operations. When dealing with several asynchronous activities, where callbacks might cause callback hell and unmanageable code, they are simple to manage.

Points to remember in JS:

• It is a scripting language
• It has unstructured code
• It is a programming language
• It is used both client-side and server-side to make web apps interactive
• It is built and maintained by Brendan Eich and the team
• Uses built-in browser DOM
• Extension of JavaScript file is .js

Instance properties and methods

We will try to understand how to define and create an instance and non-instanced properties in JavaScript in this tutorial.

Because both instance and non-instanced properties are declared on the class itself, let’s look at the following syntax for constructing a class in JavaScript before delving into the instance and non-instanced properties.

Syntax:

class class_name {
    constructor() {
        // variables.....
        // or...
        // methods.....
    }
    // Other variables or methods.....
}
Code language: JavaScript (javascript)

Let’s use this syntax to understand as well as create class-based instances and non-instanced attributes now that we’ve seen a fundamental structure/syntax for constructing a class in JavaScript.

Following is a static example of a class that we constructed using the above syntax (Note that we will not be accessing any variables specified inside the class in the following example; it is simply a sample class given for understanding).

class Car {
    constructor () {
        this.car_name = "Ford";
    }
}
Code language: JavaScript (javascript)

Properties of Instances

Instance properties are properties that are declared within a class and require an instance to be produced using the class name alone.

We may not be able to access these attributes defined inside the class unless we create an instance of the class.

Even if we try to access these properties without first establishing a class instance, we may get “undefined” as an output, indicating that the property in question is not specified for the class the user is looking for.

Example: The next example will assist us in comprehending the above-mentioned facts in a much more efficient and effective manner.

<script>
	class Person {
		constructor() {
			this.Name = "ABCD";
		}
	}
	var person = new Person();
	console.log(person.Name); // Output: ABCD
	console.log(Person.Name); // Output: undefined
</script>
Code language: JavaScript (javascript)

Properties that aren’t unique to a single instance

Non-instance properties are those that are defined within a class but do not require the use of a class instance to access them.

They can be accessed immediately by typing the class name and then the property name.

It’s worth noting that these properties are declared with the “static” keyword, which means they can’t be specified in the default function Object() { [native code] } method.

Example: The next example will assist us in comprehending the above-mentioned facts in a much more efficient and effective manner.

<script>
	class Person {
		static Name = "ABCD";
	}

	var person = new Person();
	console.log(person.Name); // Output: undefined
	console.log(Person.Name); // Output: ABCD
</script>
Code language: JavaScript (javascript)

Conclusion

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